Warshadaha LED-ku waa warshado istaraatiijiyadeed oo heer qaran ah oo soo ifbaxaya, isha iftiinka LED-kuna waa isha iftiinka cusub ee ugu rajo weyn qarniga 21-aad, laakiin sababta oo ah tignoolajiyada LED-ka ayaa wali ku jirta heerka horumarinta ee qaan-gaadhnimada joogtada ah, warshaduhu wali waxay qabaan su'aalo badan oo ku saabsan tayada iftiinka. sifooyinka, warqadani waxay isku dari doontaa aragtida la dhaqanka, falanqaynta xaaladda hadda jirta ee LED iyo jihada horumarinta mustaqbalka, kor u qaadida horumarinta caafimaadka leh ee warshadaha LED.

Heerka horumarka warshadaha LED iyo isbeddellada

a.Marka laga eego aragtida wareegga badeecada, nalalka LED-ku waxay galeen xilli aad u weyn.

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, nalalka LED-ka, hadday tahay nalka bannaanka, ama goobta nalalka ganacsiga, waxay gelayaan heer qaylo dhaan ah.

Laakiin marxaladan, jawiga iftiinka gudaha waxaa lagu tilmaami karaa bac isku dhafan, hoose-hoose, tayada tayada hoose ee LED-ka ayaa lagu arki karaa meel kasta.Iftiinka LED wuxuu weli ku xayiran yahay tamarta-badbaadinta, ilaalinta deegaanka iyo nolosha dheer ee nalalka.Sidaa darteed, tani waxay sidoo kale keenaysaa inta badan shirkadaha nalalka LED-ka si ay u daba-galaan waxtarka sare ee iftiinka iyo tartanka qiimaha jaban, iyada oo la iska indho-tiray LED-ga caafimaadka bini'aadamka iyo raaxada iyo dhinacyada iftiinka caqliga leh ee codsiyada heerka sare ah.

b.Aaway jihada mustaqbalka ee warshadaha LED?

Waxtarka iftiinka ayaa sii wadi doona inuu ku riixo hal-abuurnimada tignoolajiyada, taas oo ah habka lama huraanka ah ee horumarinta badeecadaha, xilliga iftiinka LED-ka, sababtoo ah isha iftiinka ayaa leh noocyo kala duwan oo caag ah, raadinta tayada iftiinka ayaa sidoo kale horumarinaysa.

Marka loo eego aragtida guud, warshadaha LED-ku waxay hadda ku jiraan marxalad horumarineed oo gaabis ah, ma jiraan wax cusub oo tignoolajiyadeed oo horseedaya warshadaha ku lug leh dagaalka qiimaha, dagaalka qiimaha ayaa sii kordheysa cad-cad, ku qasbaya suuqa tayada, caqliga iyo kuwa kale. tilmaamo.

Waa maxay "iftiin" tayo leh?

Waagii hore, nalalka LED-yada ee dhalaalaya, waxtarka iftiinka iftiinka leh, iwm, waa laambad tayo wanaagsan leh.Maalmahan, oo leh fikradda iftiinka cagaaran oo si qoto dheer ugu xididaysan quluubta dadka, heerka qeexida tayada iftiinka wanaagsan ayaa isbeddelay.

a. Marxaladda guusha tiro ahaan way soo gudubtay, waxaana la soo gaadhay xilligii tayada lagu guulaysan lahaa.

Marka aan u adeegno macaamiisha Waqooyiga Ameerika, waxaan ogaanay in shuruudahooda tayada iftiinka LED ay sii kordhayaan oo sarreeya.Guddiga Iftiinka Waqooyiga Ameerika IES ayaa caddeeyey hab cusub oo qiimeyn ah TM-30 oo loogu talagalay awoodda soo saarista midabka ilaha iftiinka, soo jeedinta laba tijaabo oo cusub oo Rf iyo Rg ah, taas oo si buuxda u muujinaysa in saaxiibada caalamiga ah ay horay u riixayaan cilmi-baarista iftiinka ee LED.Boqorka buluuga ah ayaa si dhakhso ah u soo bandhigi doona hababka qiimaynta ee Shiinaha, si dadka Shiinaha ay si buuxda ugu raaxaystaan ​​isha tayada sare leh ee iftiinka LED.

TM-30 wuxuu isbarbar dhigayaa 99 nooc oo midab leh, oo matalaya noocyo kala duwan oo midabyo caadi ah oo lagu arki karo nolosha (laga bilaabo saturated to unsaturated, iftiin ilaa mugdi)

TM-30 shaxda midabaynta

b.Kaliya raadinta iftiinka tayada iftiinka LED waxay u keeni kartaa raaxada isticmaalayaasha.

Alaabooyinka nalalka LED-ka ee tayada sare leh sababtoo ah diiradda saaraya caafimaadka, bandhig sare, saamaynta iftiinka dhabta ah, alaabada kala duwan si ay u doortaan heerkulka midabka saxda ah, iyo nalalka si ay u yeeshaan shuruudaha ka-hortagga iftiinka, xakameynta khatarta qulqulka buluugga ah, oo leh nidaamyo caqli-gal ah. loogu talagalay xakamaynta iftiinka, si loo daboolo baahiyaha kontoroolka garaadka ee hodanka ah iyo kala duwan.

c. Nalka iftiinka LED

Si ka duwan nalalka dhaqameed ee u nugul fashilka degdega ah si ay u sii wadaan shaqada, nalalka LED-yada badanaa si lama filaan ah uma fashilmaan.Waqtiga shaqada LED-ka, waxaa jiri doona daal iftiin leh.Tijaabada LM-80 waa hab iyo tilmaame lagu qiimeeyo heerka dayactirka lumen ee isha iftiinka LED.

Iyada oo loo marayo warbixinta LM-80, waxaad qorsheyn kartaa nolosha LED-ka, ee IES LM-80-08 heerka Nolosha Dayactirka Lumen lagu qiimeeyay;L70 (saacadaha): waxay muujinaysaa in isha iftiinka ee lumens ay qudhunto 70% ee lumen-yada bilowga ah ee la isticmaalo;L90 (saacadaha): waxay muujinaysaa in isha iftiinka lumens ay qudhunto 90% ee lumen-yada bilowga ah ee la isticmaalo.

d.Tusmada samaynta midabka sare

Tusmada samaynta midabku waa hab muhiim ah oo lagu qiimeeyo samaynta midabka ilaha iftiinka, sidoo kale waa halbeeg muhiim ah oo lagu cabbiro sifooyinka midabka ilaha iftiinka macmalka ah, ee uu muujiyay Ra/CRI.

Ra,R9 iyo R15

Tilmaanta guud ee samaynta midabka Ra waa celceliska R1 ilaa R8, iyo tusmada samaynta midabka ee CRI waa celceliska RI-R14.Ma tixgelineyno oo kaliya midabka guud ee index Ra, laakiin sidoo kale fiiro gaar ah u leh tusmada samaynta midabka gaarka ah ee R9 ee casaanka buuxa, iyo midabka gaarka ah ee R9-R12 ee midabada casaanka ah, jaalaha, cagaarka iyo buluugga, waxaan aaminsanahay in kuwan Tilmaamayaashu runtii waxay matalaan tayada iftiinka LED-ka, iyo ilaha iftiinka ganacsiga, kaliya marka tilmaamayaashani ay leeyihiin qiime sare waxay dammaanad qaadi karaan muujinta midabka sare ee LED.

Caadiyan, mar kasta oo qiimihiisu sarreeyo, ayaa u soo dhawaada midabka iftiinka qorraxda, marka uu u dhawaado midabkiisa asalka ah shayga ayaa iftiiminaya.Ilaha nalalka LED-ka ee leh tusmaynta midabaynta sare ayaa badanaa lagu doortaa warshadaha iftiinka.Alaabooyinka ay bixiso Blue View waxay inta badan qaataan CRI>95 iyadoo loo eegayo baahida macaamiisha, taasoo si dhab ah u soo celin karta midabka alaabta ee iftiinka, si loo gaaro farxad isha oo kicinaysa rabitaanka wax iibsiga ee dadka.

e. Iftiin dhalaalaya

Sannadkii 1984-kii, Ururka Illuminating Engineering Society ee Waqooyiga Ameerika waxay ku qeexeen dhaldhalaalka sida dareenka xanaaqa, raaxo-darrada ama luminta waxqabadka muuqaalka ee goobta muuqaalka oo ay sababtay iftiin aad uga weyn inta ay ishu la qabsan karto.Marka loo eego cawaaqibka ka dhalan kara, dhaldhalaalka waxa loo qaybin karaa raaxo-darro dhalaalaysa, dhalaal iftiin la qabsanaya iyo dhalaalka aaska.

LED waa tiro badan oo xirmo cylindrical ama wareeg ah, sababtoo ah doorka lens convex, waxay leedahay tilmaame xoog leh, iftiin iftiin leh qaab xirmo kala duwan iyo xoojinta ku xiran jihada xagal: ku yaal jihada caadiga ah ee iftiinka ugu badan, xagasha isgoysyada oo leh diyaarad toosan oo loogu talagalay 90. markaad ka leexanayso jihada caadiga ah ee xagasha kala duwan ee θ, iftiinka iftiinka ayaa sidoo kale isbeddelaya.sifooyinka isha isha iftiinka LED.Si sifooyinka isha iftiinka LED ay u yeeshaan dhalaal aad u sarreeya oo ay dhibaatooyin dhalaalaya u dhacaan.Marka la barbardhigo nalalka shidan, nalalka fluorescent, nalalka sodium-cadaadiska sare leh iyo nalalka kale ee dhaqameed, jihada fiber optic ee nalalka LED waa mid aad u urursan oo u nugul inay soo saaraan dhalaal aan raaxo lahayn.

f. Khataraha iftiinka buluuga ah

Iyada oo caan ka ah LED-ka, khatarta iftiinka buluuga ah ee iftiinka buluugga ah ama iftiinka buluugga ah ee daadanaya ayaa noqday dhibaato ay dhammaan bini'aadamku la kulmaan oo ay xalliyaan, iyo warshadaha iftiinka ah maaha mid ka reeban.

Heerka cusub ee iftiinka guud ee EU wuxuu dhigayaa in haddii nalalka ay ku jiraan LED, nalalka halide biraha iyo nalalka tungsten halogen gaar ah oo aan laga dhaafi karin qiimeynta halista isha waa in lagu qiimeeyaa IEC / EN 62778: 2012 "Badbaadada sawir-qaadista ee ilaha iftiinka iyo luminaires Codsiyada qiimeynta dhaawaca nalka buluuga ah”, mana habboona in la isticmaalo ilo iftiin leh kooxaha khatarta buluuga ah ee ka weyn RG2.

Mustaqbalka, waxaan arki doonaa shirkado badan oo badan, ma aha oo kaliya inay soo saaraan alaabta iftiinka LED, oo aan diiradda saarin xuduudaha shakhsi ahaaneed ee sheyga, laakiin waxay ka fekeri karaan sida loo hagaajiyo tayada iftiinka oo ku salaysan silsiladda qiimaha laga bilaabo wax soo saarka ilaa dhammaan. xaqiijinta baahida.Habka cusboonaysiinta, awoodaha naqshadaynta nalalka, awoodaha wax soo saarka wax soo saarka, iyo sidoo kale aasaaska iyo hagaajinta awoodaha jawaab-celinta degdegga ah, waa caqabada ay tahay in shirkaduhu la kulmaan.